| Gaseous Chemicals |
Ethylene
| Ethylene | The chemical formula of ethylene is C2H4, with a molecular weight of 28.054. It is an organic compound composed of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms. The two carbon atoms are connected by a carbon-carbon double bond. Ethylene exists in certain tissues and organs of plants and is converted from methionine under conditions of adequate oxygen supply. Ethylene is one of the largest volume chemical products in the world, and the ethylene industry is the core of the petrochemical industry. Ethylene products account for more than 75% of petrochemical products and occupy an important position in the national economy. Ethylene production worldwide has been recognized as one of the key indicators for measuring the development level of a country's petrochemical industry. |
| Uses | Ethylene is one of the most fundamental raw materials in petrochemicals. In the field of synthetic materials, it is extensively used to produce polyethylene, vinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, ethylbenzene, styrene, polystyrene, and ethylene propylene rubber, etc. In organic synthesis, it is widely applied to synthesize various basic organic raw materials such as ethanol, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and their derivatives. Through halogenation, it can be converted into chloroethylene, chloroethane, and bromoethane. Through oligomerization, it can produce α-olefins, which are further used to produce higher alcohols , alkylbenzenes etc. |
Ethane
| Ethane | Ethane is an organic compound with the structural formula CH3CH3. It is a colorless and odorless gas that is insoluble in water. It is the second member of the alkane series and the simplest hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon single bond. Ethane content in some natural gases is 5% to 10%, second only to methane, and it also exists in a dissolved state in petroleum. Ethane is commonly used as outdoor fuel and refrigerant. |
| Uses | In the chemical industry, ethane is primarily used for the production of ethylene through steam cracking. In daily life, ethane can be used as a refrigerant in freezing facilities. As a common combustible gas, ethane is often stored in liquefied steel cylinders for use as a gaseous fuel. It is commonly used for home heating, cooking, and industrial heating. Additionally, ethane can be used for gas welding and cutting. In the field of organic synthesis, ethane can be used as an intermediate for synthesizing acetic acid, ethanol, ethylene, chloroethane, nitroethane, as well as polyvinyl acetate, ethyl cellulose, and ethylene oxide. |
Propane
| Propane | The chemical formula is CH3CH2CH3, which is a colorless and odorless gas. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in ethanol and ether. It has stable chemical properties and is not prone to chemical reactions. At low temperatures, it can easily form solid hydrates with water, which can cause blockages in natural gas pipelines. When propane reacts with an excess of chlorine gas at higher temperatures, it produces carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene (Cl2C=CCl2). In the gas phase, it reacts with nitric acid to form a mixture of 1-nitropropane (CH3CH2CH2NO2), 2-nitropropane ((CH3)2CHNO2), nitroethane (CH3CH2NO2), and nitromethane (CH3NO2). |
| Uses | The primary use of propane is as a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in combination with butane, primarily serving as a fuel. It is also an important raw material for cracking to produce ethylene. The technology for catalytic dehydrogenation of propane to produce propylene has been industrialized. In oil refining, chemical processing, and natural gas processing operations, propane is widely used as a refrigerant. It is used as a deasphalting solvent for lubricant fractions, as asphalt is difficult to dissolve in liquid propane. When extracted with propane, asphalt is removed as a residue, and then propane is evaporated from the deasphalted fraction to leave the lubricant. Propane is also used to produce acrylonitrile. |
Butane
| Butane | Butane Chemical formula is C4H10, often referring to n-butane. It is an organic compound, a common alkane. At normal temperature and pressure, it is a colorless and easily liquefiable gas. |
| Uses | In addition to being directly used as a fuel, n-butane also serves as a solvent for subcritical biotechnological extraction, a refrigerant, and a raw material for organic synthesis. In the presence of a catalyst, butane undergoes dehydrogenation to produce butene or butadiene. In the presence of sulfuric acid or anhydrous hydrofluoric acid, it isomerizes to isobutane. Isobutane, through catalytic dehydrogenation, yields isobutene. Isobutane can also act as a hydrocarbonating agent to react with olefins to produce branched-chain hydrocarbons with good antiknock performance. Catalytic oxidation of butane can produce maleic anhydride, acetic acid, and acetaldehyde, among others. Halogenation of butane yields halogenated butanes, and nitration results in nitrobutane. Catalytic processing at high temperatures can produce carbon disulfide, while steam reforming can produce hydrogen. Furthermore, butane can be used as a blending agent for motor fuels to control volatile components, as a deasphalting agent for heavy oil refining, a wax precipitant in oil wells, a spillage agent for secondary oil recovery, a resin foaming agent, a refrigerant for converting seawater into freshwater, and as a solvent for olefin Ziegler polymerization, among other applications. |
Butadiene
| Butadiene | Butadiene With chemical formula C4H6, butadiene is an organic compound that is a colorless gas with a slight aromatic aroma. It is insoluble in water but soluble in most organic solvents such as acetone, benzene, acetic acid, and esters. It is a raw material for manufacturing synthetic rubber, synthetic resins, nylon, and more. |
| Uses | Mainly used as raw materials for manufacturing synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, nylon, etc. |
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